Before starting the asphalt concrete paving process, the construction team must carefully select the type and number of road rollers based on site conditions and the project's progress. This ensures optimal compaction and efficiency throughout the operation.
A diagram illustrating the different types of rollers used in asphalt compaction is shown below:
Proper compaction of asphalt concrete is crucial for ensuring the quality of the base layer and the smoothness of the final surface. The compaction process typically involves three stages: initial compaction, recompaction, and final compaction. Each stage requires different compactor settings and techniques, making it essential to choose the right combination of rollers and establish a logical rolling sequence.
After the asphalt is laid, the best compaction strategy often involves a combination of a steel drum static roller, a tire roller, and a vibratory roller. The number of rollers needed depends on the daily production volume and the complexity of the site. However, for projects such as sports fields or athletic tracks, at least two rollers are always required, regardless of the amount of asphalt being paved.
In addition, asphalt compaction in sports venues should be carried out using a combination of light, medium, and heavy rollers to ensure even density and proper bonding. These areas often have complex layouts and tight corners, which may require the use of manual compaction tools like handheld vibratory machines to meet quality standards.
When selecting the weight of the rollers, the following guidelines can be used as a reference:
- Two-wheel steel drum roller: 6–8 tons
- Three-wheel steel drum roller: 8–12 tons
- Tyre roller: 12–20 tons
- Steel drum vibratory roller: 2–6 tons
- Walk-behind small vibratory roller: 1–2 tons
- Hand-held vibratory machine: weight of at least 180 kg, with a vibration frequency of no less than 3,000 cycles per minute
By following these guidelines and adapting the equipment to the specific needs of the project, construction teams can achieve high-quality asphalt pavement that meets all technical and safety requirements.
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