At present, most county and municipal-level newspapers are typically published in four editions with a circulation of around 20,000 copies. Occasionally, small color newspapers need to be printed at large printing facilities. However, these small color publications are processed using the same software and presses as larger print runs, leading to issues with print quality and delays. Unlike mass-produced color newspapers that can reach hundreds of thousands of copies, small color editions often suffer from poor color accuracy and slower turnaround.
The main issue lies in the operation speed of high-speed rotary machines, which normally run at 9 to 13 meters per second. When only about 10,000 copies are needed, the color optimization process becomes inefficient, resulting in subpar output. To address this, both machine operators and pre-press staff must work more efficiently. Operators should focus on quick and accurate color adjustments, while pre-press teams should ensure that the layout and image settings are optimized in advance to make the printing process smoother.
Pre-press processing for color newspapers involves several steps, including image editing, plate making, and output. Here are some strategies to improve the quality of small color newspaper prints through better image processing.
1. **Use RGB Mode for Image Processing**
RGB mode is ideal for digital devices because it offers a broader color range, especially for bright and vivid colors. Although the final output must be converted to CMYK, starting with RGB ensures more flexibility and better color representation before conversion. This approach helps maintain color vibrancy and reduces the risk of early color loss.
2. **Adjust Image Clarity**
Due to limited printing materials and lower screen ruling in newspapers, the dot gain is higher. Therefore, increasing the sharpening value during image adjustment is essential to enhance clarity. Sharpening also helps reduce the loss of detail caused by screening, making it a critical step in pre-press workflows. The degree of sharpening depends on the image type, size, and zoom level—typically, landscapes require more sharpening than portraits.
3. **Tone Level Adjustment**
The goal of tone adjustment is to meet printing requirements by compensating for dot gain. It's important to concentrate the key tones within the 20% to 60% range, which is the visually sensitive area. This ensures that the image’s tonal range is maximized for clarity and realism. Additionally, special attention should be given to important elements like skin tones or clothing, ensuring they remain distinct and true to life.
4. **Color Correction**
Color adjustment aims to reproduce the original’s reflected colors rather than its actual color. During this process, any color deviations from the original or scanning must be corrected to ensure accuracy. It’s also crucial to align the screen simulation with the final print. Newsprint has a slight gray scale (3% to 5%), so comparing proofs or standard prints with the original file is recommended. Color adjustments should be based on data from the information board, not just on screen appearance.
5. **Convert RGB to CMYK**
Before outputting to film, images must be in CMYK mode. After conversion, it’s important to check for any color cast or imbalance. If the result isn’t satisfactory, it’s best to revert to RGB immediately and avoid converting back and forth, as this can lead to further color degradation.
By implementing these image processing techniques, small color newspapers can achieve better print quality, even when produced in limited quantities.
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