Most of the packaging companies nowadays are mostly composite packaging. There are many kinds of composite packaging. Various new models are endlessly exciting, but they are basically non-degradable. This is probably because of market requirements. According to a survey carried out by the reporter, in the development and application of green packaging materials, most companies now spend their energies on the greening of packaging auxiliary materials such as inks and glues. However, as the main material for green packaging, it is basically still Non-degradable.

The rapid development of the polymer industry has caused mankind to face two difficult problems: environmental pollution and resource shortages. At present, the annual output of plastics in the world has exceeded 140 million tons, and about 4,000 tons of waste plastics have been used. It is increasing at an alarming rate. How to deal with “white pollution” has become a matter of common concern. On the other hand, there are fewer and fewer oil resources. According to reports, the world's oil resources are only sufficient for 40 years. Humans have to face two major problems: the depletion of oil resources and the problem of white pollution. People are looking for alternatives to traditional plastics through various means, namely fully degradable green packaging products. The so-called degradable plastics refer to macromolecule materials that degrade under natural environmental conditions, that is, degradation based on light and biology. Biodegradable macromolecules can be divided into two kinds, namely completely biodegradable polymer and biodestructive polymer, depending on the degradation mechanism and destruction mode. Fully biodegradable macromolecule: refers to a compound that completely decomposes into carbon dioxide and water within a certain period of time under the influence of microorganisms. Biodestructive (or disintegration): The macromolecule is split into discrete pieces under the influence of microorganisms. The types of degradable materials include photodegradable plastics, biodegradable plastics, and photo-biodegradable plastics. In the development of degradable plastics, starch, as a natural renewable resource directly obtained from solar energy, water, and carbon dioxide, has been favored for its variety, rich source, and low price. Starch, cellulose, and chitosan, which are natural polysaccharides, can be completely degraded in the natural environment. Modification by physical or chemical methods can make them more accessible in fully degradable plastic products. Wide range of applications.

According to statistics, in recent years, China's packaging plastics have exceeded 4 million tons, accounting for more than 20% of the total output of plastic products, of which disposable plastic packaging that is difficult to recycle accounts for about 30%, and about 120 plastic packaging wastes are generated each year. Ten thousand tons. For the plastic packaging, etc., the state and various departments have issued the following regulations and decrees: In 1996, the state promulgated the “Solution for the Solid Waste Treatment of the People's Republic of China”, which clearly defined the plastic film and disposable packaging materials and products, and should adopt easily recycled materials. In 1998, the State Environmental Protection Administration, the Ministry of Construction, and the Ministry of Railways jointly issued the "Several Opinions on Strengthening Management of Waste Plastic Packaging Waste on Key Traffic Routes, Watersheds, and Scenic Spots." When Zeng Peiyan, vice premier of the State Council, introduced the development thinking of China's packaging industry, he clearly pointed out that: To vigorously develop green packaging, in accordance with the principle of reduction, degradability and recycling, we actively promote non-toxic, harmless, light-weight packaging products and Production process to improve the safety factor of packaging product consumption.

The "2005-2006 Packaging Industry Market and Research Report" released by the China Report Network stated that degradable packaging is the direction of future packaging industry development. But from the current point of view, what is the market application of green packaging materials in China?

Market Application: Winter before Spring

I. Guangzhou: Green food is not "green"

The packaging of “green food” on the Guangzhou market is “not green”, and most green foods use non-environmental packaging.

In some supermarkets in Guangzhou, some green foods are only partially packaged with biodegradable packaging films, and they are not 100% environmentally friendly. Some products are completely non-environmentally woven bags and other packaging; PVC plastic packaging materials Used widely in food packaging.

Tan Ensheng, director of the Guangdong Provincial Green Food Office, said that at present the country has not mandated the use of environmentally friendly materials for green food packaging. To make "green food" truly "green", recyclable packaging should be used as far as possible, such as paper packaging, biodegradable plastic packaging and Biological packaging materials.

Second, Shenzhen: First promotion, post-legislation

Recently, Shenzhen has taken the lead in promoting the use of biodegradable plastic shopping bags and supermarkets and major shopping malls as the preferred venues for promotion.

The degradable plastic shopping bags first promoted and used in Shenzhen were implemented in accordance with the standards of the People's Republic of China Industry Standard QB/T246 "Degradable polyethylene film for packaging" and the technical requirements of the State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA) marking product HJ12-2000 "Packaging Products". . All manufacturers of their products, according to this standard set the factory inspection standards. As the production scale, technical level, and management level of related companies are basically the same, the sales price can be basically unified.

In order to promote branded products to prevent counterfeiting, all biodegradable plastic packaging products will use the unified logo and apply for national trademark registration so that consumers can recognize the product brand in use. It is reported that the “Shenzhen Joint Promotion Group on the Use of Biodegradable Plastics Packaging Products” also decided to jointly publish relevant supervision telephones and uniform signs on the biodegradable plastic packaging products and publish them to the public so as to widely accept social supervision and also accept consumers. Reports of counterfeit products on the market.

It is reported that in the process of promoting the use of biodegradable plastic packaging products, Shenzhen will adopt methods that are first promoted and then banned by legislation. Degradable plastic packaging products are subject to both degradable requirements and the price is acceptable to the market. At the same time, the price of biodegradable plastic bags is similar to that of ordinary plastic film products and is easily accepted by the market. Experts suggested that Shenzhen manufacturers strengthen technical development efforts to improve the level of product degradation, and ultimately achieve the goal of complete consumption of disposable packaging film products.

Hangzhou: Less than 1% of green packaging

In 2004, Hangzhou Maoda Environmental Biochemical Co., Ltd., a company specializing in biodegradable plastic bags, spent a month specializing in a market survey. According to preliminary statistics, Hangzhou people consumed plastic bags per person per month. Forty-five, with a population of six million, is as many as 3.2 billion.
Calculated again with each 3g, the monthly garbage generated by plastic bags in Hangzhou is 800t. With such a large amount of consumption, how many people use environmentally-friendly biodegradable plastic bags? The industry estimates that less than 1%. Even a company with the largest volume of degradable plastic bags in Hangzhou can only achieve 2t a day. There are only three or four other biodegradable plastic bags, but the monthly volume will not exceed 10 tons.

Fourth, Beijing: The non-degradable pollution is still serious

The content of waste plastics in municipal solid waste in Beijing is about 3%, and the total amount is about 140,000 tons per year, among which are various types of plastic bags and plastic papers. The reporter learned from the 30th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 12th Municipal People’s Congress that these “white pollution” caused great damage to the urban environment of the capital and adversely affected agricultural production.

Although the city has already introduced measures to restrict sales, the use of plastic bags and disposable plastic tableware, the sales of ultra-thin plastic bags and foamed tableware have also been stipulated, but it has not been effective.

V. Fuzhou: Green packaging products are full of warehouses

No one cares to enter the market in the warehouse, but the disappearance is still in full swing. Fuzhou City, the only designated manufacturer of biodegradable plastic garbage bags and packaging bags, Lianhe Degradable Plastics Co., Ltd. and Yaosheng Adhesive Flexible Packaging Factory. On the “World Environment Day” day, Lianhe Development Company specially prepared various models of products for promotion in the farmers’ markets in the urban areas. However, it was overwhelmed with cold water: only 5 kg was sold throughout the day. The company had to stop producing this product. Yaosheng Packaging Factory also only ordered 200,000 biodegradable shopping bags. It is understood that the full use of biodegradable plastic bags in urban areas, the monthly demand is 250 ~ 300t. At the same time, there are still more than 30 manufacturers in the city producing non-degradable plastic bags.

Business users: expensive to make people feel bad

The price of biodegradable plastic bags has become a concern for many shop owners. A stall owner in a certain market in Hangzhou said that his stall fee was 270 yuan/month. This increased cost made him feel a bit distressed. If they can be cheaper, they are completely willing to use degradable plastics. Kim Dabo, who sells plastic bags in the market, said that the plastic bags he sells to everyone are all sold on the kilns, which are generally 3 to 3.5 yuan/kg. Now, the price for biodegradable plastic bags suppliers in this market is: the smallest number can be used to hold some green soybeans, shallots and other dishes, the price is 100 yuan 1.3 yuan, the medium price is 2.3 yuan 100, the biggest is 5 yuan A pack of 50. The price of non-degradable plastic bags purchased by the stall holders is 10% higher than that of the original ones.

The person in charge of the Hangzhou West Lake District Environmental Protection Bureau told the reporter that if all the plastic bags used by the Hangzhou people are burned every day, about 1 million cubic meters of carbon dioxide will be produced. The promotion of biodegradable plastic bags is imperative, but the high cost has become a bottleneck restricting its development.

After a market survey, reporters found that prices are not the main reason.

With the current non-degradable plastic bags used in the market, the price is RMB 6 per kilogram, and some vendors sell it for RMB 8. The degradable plastic bags with excellent materials and the same physical properties are ex-factory prices of 6.8 yuan per kilogram and only a few cents per bag. This amount of money includes the cost of adding a degradable masterbatch, printing fees for printing icons, and the like. If you can't afford to use it, it makes no sense. For shopping malls, supermarkets, and hotels, there is no question of high prices. When the manufacturers come into contact with each other, some say that they have not received notifications from their superiors; others believe that degradation does not degrade, so it is troublesome to reorder shopping bags. Businesses want to reduce costs and make more money is beyond reproach, but the degradation of plastic bags does not increase the price of environmental protection products are still not used, which is clearly indifferent to the protection of the environment.

Manufacturer: Profit margin is too low

At present, only three or four companies in Hangzhou are doing biodegradable plastic bags, and only one company specializes in biodegradable plastic bags. Why is the market so big? Guo Hongwei, general manager of Hangzhou Maoda Environmental Biochemical Co., Ltd., which specializes in the development of biodegradable plastic bags, told reporters that the company currently produces 400,000 biodegradable plastic bags, and this number will result in a net loss of more than 100 million yuan per year. She believes that it is only after the degradable plastic bags are fully promoted that the company can expect to turn a profit.

A plastics industry believes that the key is that this profit is much lower than non-degradable. Deputy director of Xinghua, a hazardous solid waste management center in Hangzhou, said: “The production of this product is technically not difficult. The key is that this market has not been done. There is no consumer awareness, and the cost of exploiting the market is too high.

Consumer: Not so easy to use

Relatively speaking, mid to high-end consumer places are more willing to provide more "quality opinions" for biodegradable plastic bags.

Among the enterprises that have already accepted biodegradable plastic bags, more are hypermarkets, large shopping malls and some food companies with higher brand awareness.

A staff member of a major shopping mall said: “The Trade Bureau first promoted it a few months ago. We responded and added a few thousand dollars a month. We don’t care a bit, but we feel that we can use this to enhance corporate image in front of consumers. It is worthwhile.The key issue is that the quality of the current biodegradable plastic bags is not good enough, the printing quality is not very good, and it is not as strong as the original plastic bags."

According to a biodegradable plastic bag manufacturer, this is the disadvantage of biodegradable plastic bags, because they are doped with starch, after the high temperature, it will taste a little, although the fastness is not as strong as non-degradable plastic bags, but in fact It is completely up to the standard.

Industry stakeholders believe that the application of green packaging materials mainly comes from the following two aspects:
The first is high material costs. Starch is not expensive. Compared with plastic materials, it is not only easy to obtain, but also more expensive, but it is modified, the required modifiers and additives are expensive, so the price is raised, so that it is more than plastic. The bubble is higher.

The second is that the biggest promotion resistance of food packaging is still foamed plastic, and the proportion of foamed plastic can be more than