Glulam manufacturing process and application in furniture
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According to the bearing condition of the integrated material, it can be divided into structural laminated materials and non-structural laminated materials. The first federal study of the world of laminated timber in the world began in the beginning of this century. Due to the revival and rapid development of the construction industry at the time, the demand for long-length structural materials increased significantly. Therefore, in the early days, structural composite materials were used as research objects, mainly used in the construction of beams and columns and shipbuilding, bridges, vehicles and other industries.
Since the 1980s, the laminated materials in Japan, North America and Europe have developed rapidly. The reasons are as follows: (1) The world's timber resources are reduced in diameter and low in quality. How to use these materials has led to a lot of research, and the results show that the laminated timber It is one of the important ways to use these materials and recycle waste materials. It can be used for small materials and inferior materials. (2) The development of the petrochemical industry has led to a continuous decline in the price of synthetic resins, and has developed a variety of new adhesives that can meet the requirements of various conditions. At present, the integrated material processing technology has been valued by most advanced countries. The laminated timber is not only used for building structural materials, but also gradually applied in interior furniture and decoration. Its characteristics are: the production of integrated materials, the production capacity is constantly expanding, the product series and quality are continuously improved, the scope of use is expanding, the equipment is increasingly perfect, advanced, and the standards are increasingly perfect, making the integrated timber an important part of the wood processing industry.
With the large demand for foreign laminated materials, domestic integrated timber production has also developed rapidly in the past 10 years. The integrated production plants and production capacity have increased greatly. The integrated products are not only sold in the international market, but also widely distributed in mainland China. Applications, like wood based panels, are marketed as substrates. In the furniture market, we can see the middle and high-grade furniture made of laminated materials everywhere. It is not only beautiful in appearance, but also durable and durable. It is very popular among customers.
Glulam has the following characteristics:
1. Glulam is a material made of short materials, so it can be used for large and small materials and inferior materials to improve wood utilization.
2. Since the material of the laminated material is sufficiently dried, even if the material is long, the moisture content of each part is uniform, cracking and deformation are small.
3. It is superior to solid wood in terms of physical and mechanical properties such as tensile and compressive strength and material quality uniformity.
4. Glulam is made by removing the wood defects and then making the veneer and glue. Therefore, the glulam can improve the wood grade.
5. Glulam retains the material and appearance of natural wood.
6. As needed, the laminated material can be manufactured into a curved shape and a variable cross-sectional structure to meet the requirements of use.
According to the use, the laminated materials can be divided into: (1) non-structural laminated materials. (2) Glulam for structural use. (3) Laminated non-structural laminated materials. (4) Glulam for veneer structure.
The main difference between non-structural and structural laminates is the use of adhesives. The main materials for furniture are non-structural laminated materials and laminated non-structural laminated materials.
First, the manufacturing process of laminated materials
1.1 Process of using sheet metal as raw material: Material - Drying of sheet - Thickness of both sides - Multi-piece circular saw part - Cutting saw except wood defect - Length finger joint - Four side planing - Gluing - ―Cold pressure glue-health-sanding-cutting.
1.2 Process flow using square material as raw material:
Wood - dry material - four sides planing - cutting saw to remove wood defects - length finger joints - four sides planing - matching board - coating glue - cold pressing glue - health - sanding - —— fine cut.
2. Analysis of each process
2.1 Sheet metal processing: The moisture content of the board should be controlled within the range of 8-12%. In order to make the local equilibrium water content of the board consistent, the board should be stacked in the sheet shed for about 20 days.
The thickness of the planing on both sides of the sheet shall be the width of the laminated timber strip, and the width of the longitudinal section of the sheet shall be the thickness of the laminated timber.
2.2 Removal of defects:
The standard for removing wood defects is generally determined according to the quality requirements of the product, and the wood defects such as knots, cracks, decay, and insect eyes are removed.
2.3 Remove finger joints:
Finger joints include four parts: processing, gluing, pressure gluing, and fixed length truncation.
2.4 Finger-joined planing:
The finger joints are used to plan four surfaces on all sides. The surface of the finger joint after planing shall not have defects such as whistle and blunt edges. After shaving, the four surfaces of the wood strip are perpendicular to each other, and the thickness difference of the wood strip is within 0.1 mm.
The surface of the finger joint should be smooth, clean, free of oil, dust, etc. The finger joint after planing should be glued as soon as possible and should not exceed 24 hours.
2.5 plate
According to the quality requirements of the material surface, the non-defective part of the wood strip should be used as the surface of the integrated material, and the wooden strips with good material should be placed on both sides of the laminated material, and there should be no gap between the wooden strips.
2.6 Glue:
The amount of glue applied is 250-300g/m2, and the glue is applied on one side, the glue is evenly distributed, and the glue is not leaked. After the glue is pressed, the glue is extruded to form a complete hardened rubber layer on both sides of the glue joint.
2.7 Cold press gluing:
In order to prove the quality of the gluing, the gluing pressurization should be carried out on a special equipment equipped with a pressure gauge. When curing at room temperature, the bonding temperature is about 20 degrees, the pressing pressure is 0.5-1N/mm2 for softwood, 1-1.5N/mm2 for hardwood, and the pressing time varies with the type of rubber. The aqueous polymer isocyanate adhesive is about 40. -60min.
2.8 Health:
After the pressure of the laminated material is relieved, it is necessary to have sufficient curing time to process the following processes, and the general curing time is 3 days.
2.9 Sanding:
The sanding of the laminated timber adopts 180# or 245# abrasive belt, and the surface of the sanding shall not have defects such as sand marks, burrs, burn marks and sand leakage.
2.10 Patching:
Glulam surface